Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences

Review Article

Alpha-Mangostin as an Antiviral Candidate: A Mini Review

Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori; Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo; Viol Dhea Kharisma; Bayyinatul Muchtaromah; Muhammad Badrut Tamam; Dora Dayu Rahma Turista; Imam Rosadi; Vikash Jakhmola; Maksim Rebezov; Rahadian Zainul

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 275-286

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.1

Abstract

This mini review aims to explore the potential of alpha-mangostin as an antiviral candidate. Alpha-mangostin is a natural compound found in the fruit of the Garcinia mangostana tree. ... Read More

Original Article

A Comparative Study on Role of MR Chemical Shift Imaging (mDIXON) and Ultrasound Elastography with CT Hounsfield Unit in Assessment of Early Stages of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Chakradhar Ravipati; Swaran Kumar Murthy; Yuvaraj Muralidharan; Karthik Krishna Ramakrishnan; Sukumar Ramaswamy; Paarthipan Natarajan

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 287-299

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.2

Abstract

Introduction: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is more severe than moderate fatty liver disease (NAFL) and is associated with an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and consequences, ... Read More Introduction: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is more severe than moderate fatty liver disease (NAFL) and is associated with an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and consequences, is a common disorder characterised by the build-up of triglycerides in liver cells. NAFLD frequently presents symptom-free until complications emerge, makes early detection difficult. The most invasive and limited diagnostic method is liver biopsy. Promising solutions for NAFLD screening and early diagnosis are non-invasive imaging methods. This study assessed the precision of CT Hounsfield units, ultrasound elastography, and MR chemical shift imaging (mDIXON) in determining early NAFLD stages.Methods: At a tertiary care facility in India, we did a prospective cross-sectional study with 80 patients who had NAFLD that had been discovered by incidentally. To measure hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, the study compared m-DIXON, ultrasound grayscale imaging, CT Hounsfield unit, and ultrasound point shear wave elastography (US- pSWE). Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, ANOVA, and regression analysis were used in the data analysis.Results: Our findings revealed that the majority (56.25%) of participants had grade I fatty liver, with hepatomegaly observed in 72.5% of participants. Strong correlations were identified between CT attenuation values and ultrasound greyscale imaging for fatty liver grading and between CT values and MRI chemical shift imaging for fat percentage determination. However, the CT's relation with US- pSWE for hepatic fibrosis evaluation was inconsistent. Remarkably, MRI's proton-density fat fraction emerged as a precise non-invasive biomarker for steatosis measurement.Conclusion: In conclusion, non-invasive imaging modalities like mDIXON, CT Hounsfield units, and MRI chemical shift imaging contribute to NAFLD screening and early diagnosis. They offer precise assessments of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, facilitating timely management and enhanced patient care.

Case Report

Drug-Induced Bullous Pemphigoid: Rapid Resolution with Corticosteroid Therapy

Erik Rizka Yulianggoro; Linda Astari

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 300-310

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.3

Abstract

Introduction: Bullous pemphigoid (BP), an autoimmune condition that mostly affects the elderly and is marked by subepidermal blisters. Although the pathophysiology of this condition ... Read More

Review Article

Intravitreal Administration of Corticosteroids and Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Anti-VEGF) Agents to Prevent Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy in Open Globe Injury: A Review

Clarisa Finanda; Nurwasis Nurwasis; Wimbo Sasono; Evelyn Komaratih

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 311-325

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.4

Abstract

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) may occur as a complication in cases of open globe injury (OGI), where full-thickness injuries occur on the cornea or sclera. PVR arises due to ... Read More

Original Article

The Differences in Meat Storage Using a Vacuum, Freezer, and a Combination of Vacuum and Freezer against Spoilage Bacteria

Risma Risma; Djatiwidodo Edi Pratiknya

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 326-335

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.5

Abstract

Background: Fresh meat is easily damaged by chemical, enzymatic, and bacterial reactions. Bacterial growth can be inhibited by preservation. In addition to cooling, packaging using ... Read More

Original Article

A Novel Multi-Epitope Vaccine Design Targeting E1/E2 Envelope Glycoprotein of Chikungunya Virus: An Immunoinformatics Approach

M. Nizam Zulfi Zakaria; Ahmad Fariduddin Aththar; Michelle Fai; Syeftyan Muhammad Ali Hamami; Viol Dhea Kharisma; Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo; Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori; Teguh Hari Sucipto; Rahadian Zainul

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 336-351

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.6

Abstract

The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a zoonotic virus transmitted through mosquito bites, can cause dengue-like fever in humans. Despite the lack of specific clinical treatments and vaccines, ... Read More

Original Article

Mortality and Prevalence of COVID-19 in Variable Cancer Subtypes with Radiological Correlation at the King Hussein Cancer Center

Mousa El Khaldi; Mira Al Jabi; Dana Alkhulaifat; Mais Zmaily; Maysa Al-Hussaini; Mariam Kharroubi; Tala Ghatasheh; Samar Taqatqeh; Abdallah Nofal

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 352-362

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.7

Abstract

Purpose: Radiographic abnormalities on first CT scans may correspond with increased risk of severe COVID-19 infections in cancer patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to ... Read More

Original Article

Anemia in Pregnant Women during COVID-19 Pandemic in Selayar Islands Regency, Indonesia: Socioeconomic and Dietary Factors

Nurbaeti Nurbaeti; Arifin Seweng; Septiyanti Septiyanti

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 363-373

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.8

Abstract

Objective: This research aims to analyse the influence of social aspects (knowledge, parity, local policies, and economic support) and diet on the incidence of anemia in pregnant women ... Read More

Original Article

Effect of Platelet Rich Fibrin Membrane (PRF) or Conjunctival Autograft on VEGF Expression and Microvascular Density Post Conjunctival Excision

Aulia Ramadhan; Lukisiari Agustini; Dicky Hermawan; Ismi Zuhria; Reni Prastyani; Hari Basuki Notobroto; Djoko Legowo

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 374-382

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.9

Abstract

The conjunctiva has a significant role in maintaining the health of the eye's surface, particularly the cornea. Preserving the integrity of the conjunctival tissue is essential, as ... Read More The conjunctiva has a significant role in maintaining the health of the eye's surface, particularly the cornea. Preserving the integrity of the conjunctival tissue is essential, as extensive damage, coupled with inadequate treatment, can lead to a spectrum of eye disorders, ranging from mild conditions to severe cases resulting in blindness. Various techniques are available for repairing such conjunctival damage, including conjunctival autograft, amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT), oral mucosal graft, and the latest innovation, the use of PRF (Platelet Rich Fibrin) membrane. Nevertheless, it has remained unclear whether there are distinct effects on VEGF expression and angiogenesis following conjunctival excision when comparing PRF membrane grafts to conjunctival autografts. This study employs a true experimental design, utilizing a randomized post-test only two-group design, to compare the impact of PRF membrane transplantation and conjunctival autografting on VEGF expression and angiogenesis subsequent to conjunctival excision in adult New Zealand white rabbits. Twenty adult male rabbits were randomly split into two categories: the autograft cohort and the PRF membrane cohort. Conjunctival excisions were performed on the temporal conjunctival aspect of the right eye in each rabbit. In the first group, the conjunctival defect was repaired through conjunctival autografting, while in the second group, the defect was closed using a PRF membrane. After a period of 14 days following treatment, all samples were collected, and the right eyes that had undergone treatment were enucleated. The conjunctival tissues from the treated areas were then processed for histopathological examination. Immunohistochemical and Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining were conducted on each sample. The Independent T-Test used for statistical analysis demonstrated a notably elevated VEGF expression level in the PRF membrane group in comparison to the conjunctival autograft group (p<0.05). Additionally, a significant variance in angiogenesis was evident between the PRF membrane and the conjunctival autograft groups (p<0.05).

Cross Sectional Study

Determinant Factors of Vitamin D Levels in Down Syndrome of Indonesian Children

Nur Rochmah; Muhammad Faizi; Yuni Hisbiyah; Rayi Kurnia Perwitasari; Tyas Maslakhatien Nuzula; Ema Qurnianingsih; Zakiyatul Faizah

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 383-391

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.10

Abstract

Background: Down’s syndrome (DS) is a prevalent autosomal disorder that is widely observed on a global scale. Children diagnosed with DS have several environmental and hormonal ... Read More

Original Article

Effect of Immune Cell Ageing on Humoral Immunity Responses Post-COVID-19 Vaccination

Hani Susianti; Elvira Sari Dewi; Mufidah Afiyanti; Carla Pramudita Susanto; Sherly Ramawati; Andrea Aprilia; Kusworini Handono

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 392-401

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.11

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has high incidence and mortality, including in Indonesia. One of the prevention efforts is the provision of vaccines, but the ageing of the immune system ... Read More

Original Article

Steroid Compounds from Endophytic (Penicillium sp.) of Mangrove Avicennia marina

Syaiful Bahri; Annisa Elcentia Fajarwati; Andi Setiawan; John Hendri; Suripto Dwi Yuwono; Yuli Ambarwati; Rahadian Zainul

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 402-425

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.12

Abstract

In this study, we explore a steroid compound from the endophytic of the mangrove (Avicennia marina). Penicillium sp. is one of the microbes endophytic isolated from the mangrove and ... Read More

Original Article

Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Intravenous, Topical, and Oral Tranexamic Acid on Reducing Bleeding After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Behnam Mahmodiyeh; Alireza Rostami; Ava Akhavan; Amir Almasi; Alireza Kamali

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 426-435

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.13

Abstract

Background: Bleeding is a significant complication of cardiac surgeries, leading to increased blood product utilization, higher rates of reoperation, and mortality. Tranexamic acid ... Read More Background: Bleeding is a significant complication of cardiac surgeries, leading to increased blood product utilization, higher rates of reoperation, and mortality. Tranexamic acid is one of the main medications used to control postoperative bleeding in these patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of intravenous, topical, and oral tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative bleeding after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.Materials and methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 96 patients scheduled for CABG surgery. The patients were divided into three groups of 32, receiving oral, intravenous, and topical tranexamic acid. After the surgery and administration of the respective medication, the amount of bleeding within 72 hours postoperatively, as well as the amount of packed red blood cells, platelets, and fresh frozen plasma received within 24 hours postoperatively were assessed.Results: The mean age of the participating patients was 64±5.4 years, and the three groups did not significantly differ in terms of age, gender distribution, number of grafts (P=0.421), and duration of surgery (P=0.624). There was no significant difference in the bleeding score among the three groups, with scores of 3.9±0.88 in the intravenous group, 4.1±1.1 in the oral group, and 4.4±0.98 in the topical group (P=0.221). The average amount of packed red blood cells, platelets, and fresh frozen plasma received during and after surgery was similar in all three groups, with values of 2 (P=0.422), 3.5 (P=0.402), and 2.4 (P=0.412), respectively.Conclusion: In general, the results of this study indicate that the use of tranexamic acid in all three available forms (oral, intravenous, and topical) leads to a reduction in postoperative bleeding with similar outcomes. Therefore, concerning the fewer side effects of the topical and oral forms and their sufficient effectiveness, physicians can utilize these methods for prescribing tranexamic acid.

Original Article

Morphological Analysis of Soft Palate Using MRI in Healthy Individual

Komal Smriti; Murali Venkata Rama Mohan Kodali; Prajna Nayak; Unati Sai Kodali; Srikanth Gadicherla; Vathsala Patil; Anupam Singh; Yogesh Chhaparwal; Tanya Kacker; Sanam Talwar

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 436-447

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.14

Abstract

Velopharyngeal port is a vital structure in human body for carrying out important functions such as speech, swallowing, etc. Velopharyngeal incompetence arises due to ineffective or ... Read More Velopharyngeal port is a vital structure in human body for carrying out important functions such as speech, swallowing, etc. Velopharyngeal incompetence arises due to ineffective or incomplete seal between oral and nasal cavity. The study of soft palate patterns like shape, length, and width offers an evidence to evaluate any risk factors for velopharyngeal insufficiency. This study was conducted to assess various palatal shapes and lengths using Magnetic resonance (MR) images and to establish their association with age and gender. A retrospective pilot study with 60 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images belonging to 30 males and 30 females were assessed for soft palate shape, soft palate length, and vertical length. The data was entered in Microsoft Office Excel Sheet and was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 26.0. Descriptive statistics like frequencies and percentages for categorical data, mean, and standard deviation (SD) for numerical data, comparison of frequencies of categories was done using chi-square test. ‘Butt’ variant was the most commonly encountered type, followed by the ‘Rat-tail’ variant as the second common type in our sample. A statistically non-significant difference was seen for the frequencies between the groups (p>0.05). The range of soft palate length (SPL) varied from 1.2 cm to 4.3 cm (S.D-0.674). The soft palate vertical length (SPVL) range is from 1.2 cm to 4.3 cm (S.D.-0.687). No statistically significant association of SPVL with the type of soft palate was seen (p>0.05). However, soft palate length (SPL) increases significantly with age. The study showed soft palate length increases significantly with age. Hence older individuals can be screened for soft palate related abnormalities for evaluation of sleep related disorder. Further such studies with more sample size are required to establish a correlation between the shape and length of the soft palate. This can aid as a diagnostic clue in the early diagnosis of soft palatal abnormalities during the patient examination.

Cross Sectional Study

Correlation between CXCL12 and MMP-7 Expression with Lymph Node Metastasis Status in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Sigit Indra Galih; Etty Hary Kusumastuti; Alphania Rahniayu

Volume 7, Issue 2 , February 2024, Pages 448-460

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.2.15

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent cancer worldwide, whereas histopathologically, adenocarcinoma is the most common type. High expression of CXCL12 in tumor cells influences ... Read More

Volume 7 (2024)

Volume 6 (2023)

Volume 5 (2022)

Volume 4 (2021)

Volume 3 (2020)

Volume 2 (2019)

Volume 1 (2018)

Volume & Issue: Volume 7, Issue 2, February 2024, Pages 275-460

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